Past Papers · Using past papers

Grade Boundaries and What They Mean

Rig, founder of IGCSE Add Math Malaysia

Written by Rig, our founder

8 years teaching IGCSE & SPM maths · Updated 19 August 2026

Grade boundaries are where a raw mark becomes a letter grade, and in 0606 they move every session. Understanding why, and how to use them, turns a student’s past-paper scores from a source of anxiety into honest, useful feedback.

Why the boundaries move

Cambridge sets boundaries fresh each session to reflect that paper’s difficulty. A harder paper gets lower boundaries; an easier one, higher. This keeps a grade meaning the same standard of achievement across sessions, so the same raw percentage can be an A one session and a B another. That’s why there’s no single fixed mark for an A: the honest answer is always “it depends on the paper”.

Use each paper’s own boundaries

When your child marks a past paper, convert the raw score using that specific paper’s published boundaries, which Cambridge releases alongside the paper. Applying a remembered percentage from a different session gives a misleading grade. The published boundaries for the paper in front of you are the only accurate conversion.

Track the trend, not one score

A single paper is noisy, an unlucky topic or a careless day can swing it. What matters is the trend across several papers: a run of scores shows whether a student is reliably at, above, or below their target grade. One result proves little; five in a row tell the truth.

Read a near-miss as a specific target

Converting to grades also shows how close a near-miss is. Often only a few marks, and one recurring error, separate a B from an A. That reframes a vague “not quite there” into a concrete goal: fix this repeated slip, secure these particular marks. Combined with knowing where the marks sit, it tells a student exactly where the next grade is hiding. A specialist can turn that gap into a focused plan. A trial class can start it. Message us on WhatsApp to book.

Common questions

What mark do you need for an A in 0606?
There's no fixed figure, because boundaries are set fresh each session to reflect that paper's difficulty. A harder paper has lower boundaries, an easier one higher, so the raw mark for an A shifts from session to session. Cambridge publishes the actual boundaries for each past paper, so when marking a paper a student should use that specific paper's boundaries, not a remembered percentage. Chasing a single fixed number misleads; tracking the grade a raw mark converts to, paper by paper, is what tells the true story.
How should a student use grade boundaries when practising?
Convert each marked paper's raw score into a grade using that paper's own published boundaries, and track the trend over several papers. One paper is noisy; a run of them shows whether the student is genuinely at, above, or below their target. Watching the trend also reveals how close a near-miss really is, sometimes only a few marks and one recurring error separate a B from an A, which turns a vague worry into a specific, fixable target.

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